Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) modules, as innovative products that integrate power generation functions with building envelope structures, are far from simply replicating standard photovoltaic modules in their production lines. It is a highly customized and complex system that integrates photovoltaic manufacturing and building material processing technology. Efficient and stable production of BIPV modules that meet multiple stringent requirements for architectural aesthetics, structure, safety, and power generation performance cannot be achieved without the precise collaboration of a series of key core equipment.

　　1、 Basic photovoltaic manufacturing equipment: shaping the core of power generation

　　The foundation of BIPV production line is still the manufacturing of photovoltaic power generation units, which requires core equipment in standard production lines, but often requires adaptive transformation:

　　1. Battery processing equipment:

　　Laser cutting machine: Accurately cut complete solar cells into the required size or shape to meet the current matching requirements of BIPV module special design. Accuracy and edge quality control are crucial.

　　Battery Cell Sorter: Precision grading of cut or purchased battery cells based on electrical performance parameters (efficiency, current, voltage) to ensure highly consistent performance within the same component, maximizing output and reducing the risk of hot spots.

　　2. Battery interconnect devices:

　　String welding machine: automatically connects battery cells (or battery string segments) into battery strings through welding strips. The shape and size of BIPV modules vary greatly, requiring the string welding machine to have high flexibility and be able to adapt to different layout, welding strip types (such as ultra-thin and irregular), and welding processes (low temperature, stress free).

　　Automatic typesetting machine: Precisely lay the welded battery strings (or specially shaped battery units) onto the substrate (glass or other building materials) according to the specific design requirements of BIPV modules. Its positioning accuracy and ability to adapt to different versions are key.

　　3. Laminated packaging equipment:

　　Layering machine: One of the core equipment of BIPV. Unlike standard components, BIPV laminates require processing thicker, larger in size, more irregular in shape, and may contain multiple layers of composite materials (such as colored backboards, metal backboards, insulation layers, fire-resistant layers) in a "sandwich" structure. We require a specialized laminating machine that is large, high-pressure, highly uniform in temperature control, and has a stable and reliable vacuum system to ensure perfect packaging without bubbles or delamination in various complex structures.

　　Loading/unloading system: matched with the laminating machine, it automatically processes BIPV laminates of non-standard size and weight, improving efficiency and ensuring operational safety.

　　2、 Customization and Building Integration Key Equipment: Beyond the Core of Standard Components

　　This is the core part of the BIPV production line that distinguishes it from traditional module production lines, focusing on meeting building integration requirements:

　　1. Substrate pretreatment and processing equipment:

　　Glass cleaning/coating/glazing equipment: BIPV often uses colored glass, glazed glass, embossed glass, or coated glass as the front or back panel, requiring corresponding cleaning, coating (such as anti reflection and anti reflection, self-cleaning), and glazing printing equipment to meet architectural aesthetics (color, texture, transmittance) and functional requirements.

　　Metal/Composite Material Processing Center: For BIPVs that use metal backplates, composite backplates, or as building components such as curtain wall frames and roof tiles, precision cutting (laser cutting, waterjet), stamping, bending, drilling, and other processing equipment are required to meet precise dimensional tolerances and building interface requirements.

　　2. Integrated border and structure equipment:

　　Specialized frame processing line: BIPV frames usually have special structures (such as hidden, drainage, ventilation, and load-bearing), requiring customized cutting, punching, corner code installation, and adhesive (sealant, structural adhesive) equipment. Automated gluing equipment is crucial for ensuring long-term sealing and waterproofing.

　　Structural component assembly system: used for installing embedded parts, connectors, support frames, and other accessory components that are fixed to the building structure, ensuring the structural strength and installation convenience of the components. Automation equipment that may involve processes such as riveting, screwing, welding, etc.

　　3. Junction box and cable handling equipment:

　　Customized junction box installation equipment: BIPV junction boxes have various positions, shapes, and installation methods (such as embedded and side mounted), requiring flexible automated dispensing, curing, and installation equipment. The requirements for sealing and waterproofing are extremely high.

　　Cable management and sealing equipment: handle the connection cables between components and building electrical systems, including cable tray installation, sealing and threading processing, connector crimping and testing equipment, to ensure electrical safety and long-term reliability.

　　3、 Strict quality control and testing equipment: guarantee of building level safety

　　BIPV combines the properties of building materials and electrical equipment, and its quality inspection standards are much higher than ordinary components:

　　1. Online process detection equipment:

　　Automatic optical inspection: In key processes such as welding, typesetting, and lamination, high-resolution cameras and AI algorithms are used to automatically detect cracks, missing corners, foreign objects, virtual welding, offset, packaging defects, etc. in battery cells/strings.

　　Electrical performance tester: After lamination packaging (sometimes before lamination), perform IV curve testing to accurately measure core parameters such as open circuit voltage, short circuit current, maximum power, and fill factor of components, ensuring that power generation performance meets standards.

　　2. Finished product comprehensive performance testing equipment:

　　Insulation withstand voltage tester: tests the insulation strength between the live part of the component and the frame/substrate to ensure electrical safety.

　　Grounding continuity tester: Verify the reliability of the grounding path.

　　Wet leakage current tester: Simulate a humid environment and detect whether there is a risk of leakage current in components under high voltage.

　　Mechanical load testing bench: crucial! Simulate static and dynamic loads such as wind pressure and snow pressure to test the structural strength, deformation, and electrical performance retention of BIPV modules after loading, ensuring their safety as building components.

　　Fire rating testing equipment: Conduct combustion performance testing according to building code requirements.

　　Aging and environmental testing equipment: may include UV aging chamber, wet heat cycle chamber, cold heat cycle chamber, PID testing equipment, etc., to evaluate performance degradation and reliability under long-term environmental stress. Some large BIPV modules require customized large environmental cabins.

　　4、 Intelligent Logistics and Information Systems: Efficient Collaborative Neural Networks

　　In the face of highly customized, small batch, and multi variety production characteristics, intelligent systems are the key to ensuring efficiency:

　　1. Flexible material handling system: such as AGV, RGV or customized track system, adapted to the automated flow of non-standard size and weight materials between various processes.

　　2. Manufacturing Execution System: Manage orders, production scheduling, material tracking, process parameter control, quality data collection and analysis to achieve transparency and traceability of the entire customized production process.

　　3. Digital design and production interface: Convert building information model data into executable production instructions to drive automated equipment to complete customized production tasks.

　　The BIPV photovoltaic module production line is a complex system engineering that integrates photovoltaic technology, material science, precision machining, and construction technology. Each device is an indispensable musician in this precise "symphony orchestra". Only when they work together efficiently and accurately can the design blueprint be transformed into BIPV products that combine excellent power generation performance, excellent building functionality, and long-term reliability, truly driving the integrated revolution of photovoltaics and architecture. Continuous investment and innovation in these core devices are the key cornerstone for enhancing the competitiveness of the BIPV industry and expanding market applications.

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